The Arctic tends to be used as a singular destination reference in marketing, however, it is divided into several main regions, each with its own unique characteristics.

The Canadian Arctic is a vast region that encompasses the northernmost reaches of Canada, including the Arctic Archipelago and the mainland territories of Nunavut, Yukon, and parts of the Northwest Territories. You'll find dramatic fjords, towering glaciers, expansive ice fields, and a rich indigenous culture with communities like the Inuit and First Nations peoples. This is where Northwest Passage cruises explore, traversing true history and in the footsteps of memorable adventures and expeditions. 

As the world's largest island, Greenland is a land of stunning contrasts, with towering icebergs, deep fjords, and vast ice sheets dominating the landscape. Visitors can explore remote settlements, hike along rugged coastlines, and witness the incredible calving of glaciers into the sea.

Located midway between Norway and the North Pole, Svalbard is an archipelago known for its rugged beauty and abundant wildlife. Here, you'll encounter polar bears, Arctic foxes, and colonies of seabirds amidst a backdrop of towering mountains and icy seas. Longyearbyen, the main settlement, offers cultural exploration and outdoor adventure opportunities.

Stretching across Russia's northernmost regions, The Russian Arctic is a vast and remote area characterised by its harsh climate and sparse population. Visitors to the Russian Arctic can explore historic sites such as the remote town of Tiksi, the Arctic port of Murmansk, and pristine wilderness areas teeming with wildlife.

The Arctic Ocean: At the heart of the Arctic lies the Arctic Ocean, a vast expanse of icy waters surrounded by the northern coastlines of North America, Europe, and Asia. Here, you'll find some of the most extreme conditions on Earth, including floating sea ice, polar storms, and the mesmerizing spectacle of the Northern Lights.

During your expedition, you can choose between these regions and sometimes combine them into a single trip. The ships are specially designed and equipped to navigate the icy waters and access remote locations inaccessible by other means. Along the way, you'll witness breathtaking landscapes, encounter iconic Arctic wildlife such as polar bears and walruses, and learn about the challenges facing this fragile ecosystem in the face of climate change. Whether kayaking amidst icebergs, hiking across tundra landscapes, or simply taking in the beauty of the Arctic wilderness, a voyage to the top of the world will leave a lasting impression. The views and locations easily match the stunning vistas of the south.

The best time to visit the Arctic depends on the specific experiences you're seeking, as the Arctic offers different attractions and activities throughout its distinct seasons. Generally, the most popular times to visit are during the Arctic summer (June to August) and the late winter (February to April).

Throughout its history, Arctic exploration has been driven by a spirit of adventure, scientific curiosity, and the desire to conquer the unknown. While many challenges remain, the legacy of these explorers continues to inspire new generations to explore and protect this unique and fragile wilderness.

Arctic expedition cruises offer a unique opportunity for adventurous travellers to explore some of Earth's most remote and pristine wilderness areas.

The Arctic is home to a rich tapestry of cultures and peoples, each with its own unique heritage, traditions, and way of life. Here are some of the indigenous peoples and cultures that inhabit the Arctic region:

Inuit: The Inuit are perhaps the most well-known indigenous peoples of the Arctic, inhabiting regions of Canada, Greenland, Alaska, and Siberia. Traditionally, the Inuit were skilled hunters and fishermen, relying on the land and sea for sustenance. Their culture is characterised by a deep connection to the natural world and a rich oral tradition of storytelling and mythology.

The history of Arctic exploration is filled with tales of adventure, hardship, and discovery, as intrepid explorers from around the world sought to unlock the mysteries of this remote and forbidding region. Here are some key points in the history of Arctic exploration:

Preparing for an Arctic expedition cruise involves many important steps to ensure an organised and issue-free journey. 

Check Passport and Visa Requirements: Ensure your passport is valid for at least six months beyond your planned return date. Depending on your nationality and the specific itinerary of your cruise, you may need to obtain visas or permits for certain countries or regions you'll be visiting. Check with the cruise operator and relevant embassy or consulate for up-to-date visa requirements.

Health and Vaccinations: Consult with your healthcare provider or a travel medicine specialist to discuss any recommended vaccinations or health precautions for travelling to the Arctic region. Consider vaccinations for diseases such as hepatitis A and B, tetanus, and influenza. Pack any necessary medications and ensure adequate travel insurance coverage for medical emergencies.

Pack Appropriate Clothing and Gear: The Arctic can have unpredictable weather and temperatures, so it's essential to pack appropriate clothing and gear for your expedition cruise. This may include insulated and waterproof outerwear, thermal layers, gloves, hats, sturdy waterproof boots, sunglasses, and sunscreen. Check with the cruise operator for specific packing recommendations based on the time of year and itinerary. See our detailed packing lists in our Destination Guides. 

Travel Documentation: Make copies of important documents, including your passport, any required visas, travel insurance policy (you always need a comprehensive insurance policy for expedition cruises), and itinerary. Keep one set of copies with you and leave another with a trusted friend or family member at home. It's also a good idea to carry digital copies of your documents stored securely on a smartphone or cloud-based service.

Travel Arrangements: Confirm your travel arrangements, including flights, transportation to and from the embarkation port, and any pre- or post-cruise accommodations. Arrive at the embarkation port before your cruise departure to allow time for any unexpected delays or travel disruptions.

Attend Pre-Departure Briefings: Many ships hold pre-departure briefings or orientation sessions for passengers to provide important information about the itinerary, safety procedures, wildlife viewing guidelines, and onboard amenities. This is not the same as an airline briefing and it is imperative that you focus on the information you are provided with as you have a great responsibility when travelling to these regions. So you must attend these sessions to familiarise yourself with the cruise logistics and ask any questions you may have.

Respect Local Customs and Regulations and become very familiar with local customs, cultural sensitivities, and environmental regulations in your visiting regions. Respect wildlife and natural habitats, follow guidance from expedition staff, and adhere to any rules or guidelines for responsible travel in the Arctic.

Preparation is vital in polar expeditions and small-ship adventure cruising.