Elephant Seal

The elephant seal is the largest seal species and is divided into two distinct species: the northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) and the southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina). Both are known for their massive size, pronounced sexual dimorphism and the males' distinctive proboscis, which resembles an elephant's trunk and is used to amplify vocalisations.

Southern Elephant Seal: Males can grow up to 6 metres (20 feet) long and weigh up to 4,000 kilograms (8,800 pounds), making them the largest seal species. Females are much smaller, averaging 2.5–3 metres (8–10 feet) and weighing 400–900 kilograms (880–2,000 pounds).

Northern Elephant Seal: Males reach up to 4 metres (13 feet) in length and weigh about 2,200 kilograms (4,850 pounds). Females are around 2.5 metres (8 feet) and weigh about 500–600 kilograms (1,100–1,300 pounds).

Both species have a thick layer of blubber for insulation. Their fur is short and sparse, varying in colour from brownish-grey to silver-grey.

Males develop a large, inflatable proboscis as they mature, which they use during the breeding season to produce loud roars.

Males also establish territories during the breeding season (winter for the northern, spring for the southern). Dominant males, known as "beach masters," control harems of females and sometimes engage in fierce battles.