Brown Pelican

The brown pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis) is a fascinating and iconic seabird known for its striking appearance and unique hunting methods.

Brown pelicans are medium-sized, about 4 feet (1.2 metres) in length, with a wingspan of up to 7 feet (2.1 metres).

Adults have a greyish-brown body with a white and yellowish head and a long, distinctive bill with a stretchy throat pouch. Juveniles are primarily brown with paler underparts.

Known for their dramatic plunge-diving. They dive from heights to catch fish, scooping them into their expandable throat pouches. Their diet consists primarily of fish, particularly schooling species like sardines and anchovies. They are opportunistic feeders and may occasionally scavenge.

Brown pelicans are apex seabird predators, helping regulate fish populations in coastal ecosystems. Their presence indicates the health of marine and estuarine environments.

Most populations are non-migratory, though some may move seasonally along the coast depending on food availability and temperature.