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Snow Buntings

About the Snow Bunting

The Snow Bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis) is a small songbird that breeds in the high Arctic. It weighs less than a golf ball but is incredibly adapted to the cold climate. They nest in rocky crevices and build warm nests with moss, grass and feathers.

They change their plumage colour during the breeding season. Male Snow Buntings turn white with black wingtips and back feathers. The change in the plumage colour of the female birds is less noticeable. The females remain brown-grey with white patches, but the colours become brighter. Minor changes are still enough to signal that they are ready to breed. The plumage of the Snow Buntings serves as camouflage in the Arctic tundra and protects them from predators.

Commonality of Snow Buntings

Snow Buntings are relatively common. They are widespread throughout the high Arctic during their breeding season.

Protection & Threats

Snow Buntings are protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA). They are classified as Least Concerned by IUCN. Nevertheless, their populations depend heavily on their breeding ground – the Arctic tundra. Any potential threats to the Arctic environment can affect Snow Buntings.

Climate Change

Climate change can have an impact on their breeding grounds. During the breeding season, Snow Buntings need insects to feed their chicks. The survival of their offspring depends on food availability during the breeding season. Changes in temperatures may cause food scarcity when nourishment is most needed.